八上 unit 9
短语：
on Saturday afternoon
have to
prepare for
go to the doctor
have the flu
help my parents
come to the party
meet my friend
go to the party
too much homework
go to the movies
another time
last fall
hang out
after school
on the weekend
study for a test
visit grandparents
the day before yesterday
the day after tomorrow
have a piano lesson
look after
accept an invitation
turn down an invitation
take a trip
at the end of this month
look forward to
the opening of
reply in writing
go shopping
do homework
go to the concert
not…until
短语用法：
invite sb. to do sth. What + a/an + 形容词 + 可数名词单数 （+ 主语 + 谓语）！
help sb. (to) do sth What + 形容词 + 名词复数/不可数名词（+ 主语 + 谓语）！
be sad to do sth. see sb to do sth / see sb doing sth
the best way to do sth. have a surprise party for sb
look forward to doing sth. reply to sth/sb.
What’s today? What’s the date today? What day is it today?
词语辨析：
1. prepare意为“准备”，强调准备的动作与过程。宾语是这一动作的承受者。其后也可接双宾语，还可接不定式。 prepare for sth. 为…准备好。for的宾语不是动作的承受者，而是表示准备的目的，即所要应付的情况。 / prepare to do sth 准备做某事。
prepare 强调准备的动作与过程。宾语是这一动作的承受者。其后也可接双宾语，还可接不定式。
get/be ready意为“准备好”，强调准备的结果。常见结构有：①be ready(for sth．)②get sth. ready ③be ready(for sth)④be get ready to do(准备干某事，乐于干某事)
(1) We _____ the mid-term examination.
(2) Miss Li said, “Everyone should ______before class.
2. have the flu 患感冒 have a cold 感冒 have a cough 咳嗽 have a fever 发烧 have a sore throat 喉咙痛 have a headache 头痛 have a toothache 牙痛
3. hang out 常去某处，泡在某处 hang on 紧紧抓住 hang about 闲荡 hang up 挂电话，悬挂，挂起
4. catch you = bye bye catch a cold 感冒 catch sb’s eye 引起某人注意 catch the train 赶上火车
catch up with 赶上，，跟上 catch hold of 抓住
5.accept 接受 , 反义词为： refuse。 accept指主观上愿意接受，receive 收到，指客观上收到或拿到，但主观上不一定会接受。 I received his gift yesterday, but I wouldn’t like to accept it.
6. turn down = refuse 拒绝 turn up 放大，调高 turn over 翻身 take turns 依次，轮流
7. help sb.(to) do sth 帮助某人做某事 help sb. with sth 在某方面帮助人 help oneself to sth 随便吃
8. at the end of 在…末尾，在…尽头， by the end of 到…末为止 in the end of 终于
9. surprised 形容词，主语是人be surprised to do sth 对做某事感到意外
surprising 形容词，令人惊讶的，主语是物 The news was surpring.
surprise 名词，惊奇、惊讶 to one’s surprise 动词，使惊奇，使感到意外 It surprise sb to do sth.
10. look forward to 期待，盼望，to 是介词，后跟名词，代词或动名词作宾语。
hear from sb. 收到某人的来信 = receive a letter from sb.
hear of = hear about 听说
11. make it 在约定的时间内到达，能够来 = arrive in time; Glad you could make it.
商量确定的时间，表示将来某项计划的安排，后接时间状语。 Let’s make it at seven o’clock on Tuesday.
成功办成某事 = succeed After years of hard work, he finally made it.
12. reply 回答，指用口头或书面形式回答，不及物动词 reply to sb/sth. 对…..作出回答。
作及物动词，意为 回答，回答说。作名词，意为：答道，回信，答复，后跟介词 to .
answer 是最普通的用语，包括口头，书面或行动的回答，可作及物和不及物动词。
1. Susan felt really (surprise) at the surprising news.
2. I'm looking forward to my grandparents in summer.
A.
visit
B.
visiting
C.
visitting
D.
visited
3. I heard my brother last week.
A.
of
B.
from
C.
for
D.
with
4. When you leave the reading room, you should remember to the lights.
A.
turn on
B.
turn down
C.
turn off
5. --- delicious the ice cream is! Could you give me one more?
--- Sure.
A.
What
B.
How
C.
What a
解析：surprised 形容词，主语是人be surprised to do sth 对做某事感到意外
surprising 形容词，令人惊讶的，主语是物 The news was surpring. 故选surprised。
解析：look forward to doing sth.故选B。
解析：hear of: 听说；hear from:收到某人的来信，故选B。
解析：turn down = refuse 拒绝 turn up 放大，调高 turn over 翻身
take turns 依次，轮流 turn on: 打开；turn off：关上，故选C。
解析：what+名词感叹；how+形容词表感叹，故选B。
情态动词用法归纳
情态动词有can (could), may (might), must, have to, shall (should, will (would), dare (dared), need (needed), ought to等。 情态动词无人称和数的变化；不能单独使用，必须与其后的动词原形构成谓语
一、 can, could
1) 表示能力（体力、知识、技能）。
Can you lift this heavy box?（体力）
Mary can speak three languages.（知识）
Can you skate?（技能）
此时可用be able to代替。Can只有一般现在时和一般过去式；而be able to则有更多的时态。
I’ll not be able to come this afternoon.
当表示“经过努力才得以做成功某事”时应用be able to，不能用Can。如：
He was able to go to the party yesterday evening in spite of the heavy rain.
2) 表示请求和允许。
----Can I go now?
----- Yes, you can. / No, you can’t.
此时可与may互换。在疑问句中还可用could,
might代替，不是过去式，只是语气更委婉，不能用于肯定句和答语中。
---- Could I come to see you tomorrow?
---- Yes, you can. ( No, I’m afraid not. )
3) 表示客观可能性（客观原因形成的能力）。
They’ve changed the timetable, so we can go by bus instead.
This hall can hold 500 people at least.
4) 表示推测（惊讶、怀疑、不相信的态度），用于疑问句、否定句和感叹句中。
Can this be true?
This can’t be done by him.
How can this be true?
二、 may, might
1) 表示请求和允许。might比 may语气更委婉，而不是过去式。否定回答时可用can’t
或mustn’t，表示“不可以，禁止”。
----Might/ May I smoke in this room?
---- No, you mustn’t.
---- May/Might I take this book out of the room?
---- Yes, you can. (No, you can’t / mustn’t. )
用May I...？征徇对方许可时比较正式和客气，而用Can I...？在口语中更常见。
2）用于祈使句，表示祝愿。
May you succeed!
3) 表示推测、可能性（不用于疑问句）。
might不是过去式，它所表示的可能性比may小。
1．He may /might be very busy now.
2．Your mother may /might not know the truth.
三、 must, have to
1) 表示必须、必要。
You must come in time.
在回答引出的问句时，如果是否定的，不能用mustn’t（禁止，不准），而用needn’t, don’t have to（不必）.
---- Must we hand in our exercise books today?
---- Yes, you must.
---- No, you don’t have to / you needn’t.
2) must是说话人的主观看法， 而have to则强调客观需要。Must只有一般现在时， have to 有更多的时态形式。
1． he play isn’t interesting, I really must go now.
2． I had to work when I was your age.
3) 表示推测、可能性（只用于肯定的陈述句）
1． You’re Tom’s good friend, so you must know what he likes best.
2． Your mother must be waiting for you now.
四、 dare, need
1) dare作情态动词用时, 常用于疑问句、否定句和条件从句中, 过去式形式为dared。
1． How dare you say I’m unfair?
2． He daren’t speak English before such a crowd, dare he?
3． If we dared not go there that day， we couldn’t get the beautiful flowers.
2) need 作情态动词用时, 常用于疑问句、否定句。在肯定句中一般用must, have to, ought to, should代替。
1．You needn’t come so early.
2. ---- Need I finish the work today?
---- Yes, you must. / No, you needn’t.
3) dare和 need作实义动词用时， 有人称、时态和数的变化。在肯定句中，dare后面常接带to的不定式。在疑问句和否定句中，dare后面可接带to或不带to的不定式。而need后面只能接带to的不定式。
1. I dare to swim across this river.
2. He doesn’t dare (to) answer.
3. He needs to finish his homework today.
1. 【2015年广东省初中毕业生学业考试英语试题】Look! The traffic light has turned red. We _____ stop our car.
A. can B. can’t C. must D. mustn’t
2.【贵州省安顺市2015年中考英语试题】—He be in the classroom， I think.
—No， he be in the classroom. I saw him go home a minute ago.
A. can； may not B. must； may not C. may； mustn’t D. may； can’t
3. 【山东省泰安市2015年中考英语试题】Nowadays .all passengers go through safety check before take a train.
A. can B. may C. must D. will
4. 【德州市二O一五年初中学业水平考试英语试题】 —Mr. Wang, must I come again to clean the classroom on Sunday?
—No, you____ . I have asked Kate to do it.
A. can’t B. mustn’t C. needn’t D. shouldn’t
5. 【2015浙江省杭州市中考英语试题】Harry’s been driving all day----- he be tired.
A. need B. can C. shall D. must
试题分析：句意：看！交通灯成了红灯。我们必须停车。turn red 灯成了红灯；stop sth.停止某物。A. can能；B. can’t 不能；C. must 必须；D. mustn’t千万别，一定不要。根据常识可知红灯停，这是必须的，故选C。
试题分析：句意：--我认为他可能在教室里。--不，他肯定没有在教室里，我刚才看到他回家了。must，can(could)，may(might) 可以表示猜测，must 表示肯定猜测，用于肯定句，肯定······，一定······；can’t，表示否定猜测，肯定不······，另外can(could)，may(might)，表示可能性猜测，可能······。根据I think，可知把握比较小，根据I saw him go home a minute ago可知第二句把握大，故选D。
试题分析：句意：现在，所有的乘客在上火车之前都必须过安检。A. can 能；B. may 可以；C. must 必须 D. will将要。结合现在的实际情况，可知是必须，故选C。
试题分析：句意：-王老师，我星期天必须再回来打扫教室吗？-不，不必，我已经让Kate去做了。can’t 不能，不会；mustn’t禁止，不要；needn’t 不必，没有必要；shouldn’t不应该。must的一般疑问句的回答中，肯定回答仍用must,否定回答用needn’t，故应选C。
试题分析：句意：哈利已经开了一整天车了——他一定累了。根据句意可知，开了一整天车，所以
6. The boy had a cold, but he refused (take) the medicine.
7. The girl enjoys (hang) out with friends in her spare time.
8. --- Can you (come) and meet my friends?
--- Sure. That sounds great.
9. He's planning (have) a surprise party for his mum.
二、适当形式填空(单句适当形式)
6. to take
7. hanging
8. come
9. to have
1. I don't like the shirt's color. Can you show me one?
A.
another
B.
other
C.
the other
D.
others
2. --- Would you like to climb mountains with me this Sunday?
--- I'd love to. But I play table tennis against Class Three.
A.
am going
B.
am going to
C.
am
D.
going to
3. Will you please invite him in a writing competition?
A.
joins
B.
to joining
C.
to join
D.
joining
4. --- Let's go to the concert tonight, Michael!
--- Sorry, I . I have to help my mother with the housework.
A.
mustn't
B.
may not
C.
needn't
D.
can't
5. --- Can you come to my house for supper?
--- .
A.
No, I can
B.
I think so
C.
Sure, I'd love to
D.
I hope I can
6. Anna is looking forward to with her pen pal from Hong Kong face to face.
A.
talked
B.
talks
C.
talking
D.
talk
7. I'm busy today. Let's make it .
A.
the other time
B.
the other times
C.
other times
D.
another time
8. He had to the invitation to the movies because he was not available yesterday.
A.
turn up
B.
turn down
C.
turn on
D.
turn off
9. --- Would you like camping with me?
--- I'd like to. But I'm busy my homework.
A.
to go; to do
B.
to go; doing
C.
going; to do
D.
going; doing
10. --- What's today?
--- It's .
A.
Monday
B.
March 8th
C.
Sunday the 21st
D.
weekday
ABCDC CDBBC
1. 【北京市2015年中考英语试题】– Jack, ____ you ride a bike? –Yes, I can.
A. can B. may
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